Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana, syn. Cochlearia armoracia) is a perennial plant of the family Brassicaceae (which also includes mustard, wasabi, broccoli, cabbage, and radish). It is a root vegetable, cultivated and used worldwide as a spice and as a condiment. The species is probably native to southeastern Europe and western Asia.

Horseradish grows up to 1.5 meters (5 feet) tall, with hairless bright green unlobed leaves up to 1 m (3 ft 3 in) long that may be mistaken for docks (Rumex). It is ...

armoracia rusticana

General-information-on-birch-trees-and-leaves

General information on birch trees and leaves

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"Birch leaf" is the common name for the leaves of the betula pendula roth tree or Betula pubescens Ehrh. &nbsp;<a href="https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-61535-1_16?error=cookies_not_supported&amp;code=1dc7934c-8d6d-41fc-9b96-1b33046d2d07" target="_blank" data-ref="Birch ( Betula spp.)" rel="noopener">[Ref. 1]</a>&nbsp; The genus Betula, colloquially known as birches, is composed of about 120 different species of small to medium-sized deciduous trees and shrubs with thin leaves.

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Throughout history, birch bark has been used in the practices of traditional medicine by the indigenous peoples of North America to treat superficial wounds by applying the bark directly to the skin. The birch leaf, in turn, was used as a mild diuretic for the dew of the urinary tract, especially in inflammations and cases of blockage of the kidneys. It is also used as an aid in the treatment of bacterial infections and spasmodic urinary tract disorders.

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Ayurvedic-health-benefits-of-birch-leaves

Ayurvedic health benefits of birch leaves

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In The Science and Practice of Herbal Medicine, phytotherapist David Hoffman writes: "Birch leaves are an effective remedy for cystitis and other urinary system infections and help remove excess water from the body. &nbsp;<a href="https://books.google.de/books?id=e10oDwAAQBAJ&amp;newbks=0&amp;hl=en&amp;redir_esc=y" target="_blank" data-ref="Medical Herbalism" rel="noopener">[ref. 2]</a>&nbsp;Perhaps because of this purifying and diuretic activity, the plant has been used to treat gout, rheumatism and mild arthritic pain. With urinary tract infections, tea can be prepared, with several leaves boiled in a glass of water for 5-10 minutes. Tea is consumed unsweetened.

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Some of the other areas of application for which there is evidence that birches and their components have a beneficial effect are:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Blood purifier: Use a tablespoon of inner birch bark with one glass of boiling water. Take one glass a day.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Analgesic: Birch essential oil can be applied externally to relieve headaches, menstrual cramps, abdominal cramps, gout, rheumatism and other pains.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Wounds: Boil the bark in a little water and use the liquid for wound cleaning.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Baldness: The decoction of leaves can be used as a means of rinsing hair.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Arthritis: Prepare for the decoction 1 teaspoon birch bark and 1 teaspoon dandelion root (Radix Taraxaci). Add 1 slice of grated ginger root (Zingiber officinale). Keep it low. Turn off the heat when it boils. Drink half a cup when it cools down. Do not use this medicine if you are sensitive to analgesics.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Septicaemia: Take an equal amount of nettle root (Urtica dioica L.), horseradish leaves (Equisetum arvense L.), birch leaves, dandelion leaves. Prepare a potion. Take one glass once a day.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Kidney stones: Boil one tablespoon of birch leaves in half a glass of water for 10 minutes. Leave to stand for 2 hours. Add half a tablespoon of baking soda. Take one glass a day.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Gallstones: Take dandelion root, milk thistle (Silybum marianum), birch leaves and nettle leaves in equal quantities. Make tea by boiling all these herbs together and drinking regularly to prevent kidney and bile stones.&nbsp;</li></ul>

Possible-side-effects-when-using-birch-leaves

Possible side effects when using birch leaves

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People who are allergic to wild carrots, wormwood, celery and other spices may react to birch pollen. This pollen can also cause allergic reactions in people who are sensitive to other plants such as apples, soybeans, hazelnuts and peanuts.

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Side effects reported with birch leaf medicines include:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Diarrhea.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">A feeling of discomfort similar to getting sick.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Allergic reactions such as itching, rash and stuffy and runny nose. &nbsp;<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC7126499/" target="_blank" data-ref="Medicinal plants of the genus Betula&mdash;Traditional uses and a phytochemical&ndash;pharmacological review" rel="noopener">[Ref. 2]</a>&nbsp; </li></ul>Birch leaves should not be used in patients with a decreased renal or cardiac function. Pregnant and lactating mothers should avoid the use of birch leaves. It should also be taken into account that birch leaves can lead to an increase in the amount of salt in the body, which in turn worsens problems with high blood pressure. Therefore, if you have any of these conditions, ask your doctor for advice before taking tea, using in culinary or other things invlonving birch leaves.

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Birch leaves are traditionally used as a herbal treatment and as an antiseptic for the urinary tract, to relieve arthritic pains and due to their antimicrobial action. Birch leaves can be boiled in tea and taken internally for various health problems, but there are some contraindications, for example, in people with hypertension, pregnant and nursing mothers.

Birch leaves - health benefits, usage and side effects

https://sanatio.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/5c644501-ee74-47b3-8953-f0d7ab2d46e4_middle.jpg

Birch leaves - healing properties, use and side effects

Бетина Цветкова

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Adaptation of the text: Rositsa Tashkova, Master of Molecular Biology and Microbiology

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The Russian state occupies vast territories with diverse climatic conditions and includes many peoples and their culture. This makes especially interesting the study of their folk medicine.

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Medicinal plants have been used in the lands that make up modern Russia since ancient times. A study of numerous written sources shows that herbal treatments were applied by the Scythians living in the northern territories along the Black Sea coast between the Dniester and Don rivers (from the 7th century BC to the 1st century AD).

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The collection and use of medicinal plants in Russia became especially widespread during the reign of Peter I (1672-1725), who personally grew medicinal herbs in his private garden. &nbsp;

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This article is devoted to the most common herbal recipes from Russian folk medicine for the treatment of various dermatological diseases. Medicinal plants are well known and available in our country. The information is taken from the article "Russian traditional medicine in dermatology", published in 2018 in the journal Clinics in Dermatology. [<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0738081X18300439" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.1</a>]

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The authors Prof. Dr. Olisova, Prof. Dr. Snarskaya, Prof. Dr. Gladko and Prof. Dr. Burova are dermatologists with long-standing practice in Moscow and London.

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In <a href="/p/liesni_rietsiepti_ot_ruskata_narodna_mieditsina_za_liechieniie_na_kozhni_zaboliavaniia_chast_1_vitiligho_infiektsii_bradavitsi_bc3df7f8_9ae1_4e6a_a6f1_ceb16618772d" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">the first part of the article</a>, you learned what are the recipes that Russian folk medicine uses to treat vitiligo, infections and warts, and in <a href="/p/liesni_rietsiepti_ot_ruskata_narodna_mieditsina_za_liechieniie_na_kozhni_zaboliavaniia_chast_2_aknie_diermatit_rozatsieia" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">the </a>second - for acne, dermatitis and rosacea. Here you will find recipes for dealing with hyperpigmentation, wrinkles, psoriasis, hyperhidrosis.

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Herbal-Recipes-For-Dealing-With-Hyperpigmentation

Herbal Recipes For Dealing With Hyperpigmentation

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There are many causes of hyperpigmentation. It can be focal or diffuse and in most cases is due to increased melanin production. Diffuse pigmentation indicates systemic disease, for example, Addison's disease and hemochromatosis.

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Hyperpigmentation may have a paraneoplastic character. After inflammation, hyperpigmentation is the most common cause of focal pigmentation, while melasma and ochronosis have a more complex etiology.

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Folk medicine does not distinguish between types of hyperpigmentation and should therefore be used with caution.

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Russian folk medicine uses the whitening properties of lemon, grapefruit, sauerkraut, radish, parsley, cucumber, egg white, oatmeal, dandelion juice and milkweed (asclepias). It also uses dairy products such as kefir, whey and fermented milk to make lotions to treat pigmented skin.

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Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) belongs to the genus Cucumis of the Cucurbitaceae family. Studies show high antioxidant activity, analgesic and anti-inflammatory action (thanks to flavonol fizetin).

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Cucumber has been used to relieve headaches, seeds - such as diuretic, juice - applied topically against acne and hyperpigmentation.

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It contains vitamins B and C, honey, potassium, manganese, proteolytic enzymes, rutin, oxidase, succinic and maleic dehydrogenases, etc. Alpha- and Beta-amirin, sytosterols and hellebozids are found in seeds, and hellebobids B and C and ferredoxin in the leaves.

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The effectiveness of cucumber preparations in the treatment of hyperpigmentation is also due to the proposed inhibitory tyrosine activity of the plant.

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Lemon is used as a means of treating hyperpigmentation due to its high concentration of vitamin C, as well as as peeling of the skin. Other fruits high in vitamin C include tomatoes, red peppers, potatoes, blackcurrants and citrus fruits.

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Recipe-1:-Lemon-solution-for-skin-whitening

Recipe 1: Lemon solution for skin whitening

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Preparation: Dilute the freshly squeezed lemon juice with water in a ratio of 1:10.

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Method of administration: Apply the solution several times a day to the affected skin.

Recipe-2:-Mask-with-starch-and-lemon-juice-against-dark-spots-on-the-skin

Recipe 2: Mask with starch and lemon juice against dark spots on the skin

Recipe-2:-Mask-with-starch-and-lemon-juice-against-dark-spots-on-the-skin_0_0

Preparation: Mask made of starch and lemon juice for sun lentigo - depending on the number of stains, half or a tablespoon of potato starch is dissolved in freshly squeezed lemon juice until a dense mass forms.

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Method of administration: Apply to the pigmentation areas and leave for 20-25 minutes. Note that lemon juice can irritate the skin.

Recipe-3:-Cucumber-peel-for-skin-depigmentation

Recipe 3: Cucumber peel for skin depigmentation

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Method of application: The skin can be bleached and toned using cucumber juice or by rubbing fresh cucumber slices on the affected areas.

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Fresh cucumber slices can also be applied to closed eyelids to reduce puffiness.

Recipe-4:-Cucumber-peel-infusion

Recipe 4: Cucumber peel infusion

Recipe-4:-Cucumber-peel-infusion_0_0

Preparation: Peel the cucumber. Place 3 tablespoons of finely chopped peel in a container, pour 1 cup of 40% vodka or 40% medical alcohol, close the container tightly and leave until the contents turn greenish.

Recipe-4:-Cucumber-peel-infusion_0_1

Method of administration: Apply the infusion to the pigmented areas.

Recipe-4:-Cucumber-peel-infusion_0_2

Recipe-5:-Blackcurrant-mask

Recipe 5: Blackcurrant mask

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Preparation: A mask of blackcurrant is prepared from a tablespoon of unripe fruits and a tablespoon of honey.

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Method of administration: The mask should be carefully rubbed on the face and left for half an hour. It is then removed and the face is rinsed with a 1:10 solution of lemon juice and water.

Recipe-6:-Potato-mask

Recipe 6: Potato mask

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Preparation: A mask of grated raw potatoes is prepared with the addition of a few drops of vegetable oil, a tablespoon of milk and almond bran.

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Method of administration: The mask is applied to the pigmented skin for 20 minutes.

Recipe-7:-Mask-with-honey-and-fish-oil

Recipe 7: Mask with honey and fish oil

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Honey mask, which includes fish oil, is suitable for the skin at any age.

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Preparation: All components must be mixed in equal proportions.

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Method of administration: The mask should be applied for 15 minutes.

Recipe-8:-Onion-juice

Recipe 8: Onion juice

Recipe-8:-Onion-juice_0_0

Onion juice for the treatment of freckles and lentigo (spots from the sun).

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Method of application: Wipe the face with fresh onion juice. To reduce possible irritation, the skin is smeared with a thin layer of sour cream, which is then removed with warm water. This method can be used in dry and normal skin.

Recipe-8:-Onion-juice_0_2

Recipe-9:-Oatmeal-soap

Recipe 9: Oatmeal soap

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Preparation: Grind the oatmeal and tuck into a piece of wet gauze.

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Method of application: This soap is used for washing without removing the oat flakes from the gauze - instead of another type of soap or shower gel. If necessary, moisturizer can be applied after washing.

Recipe-10:-Mask-with-white-clay-and-lemon-juice

Recipe 10: Mask with white clay and lemon juice

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Preparation: Add clay powder to freshly squeezed lemon juice to the consistency of the paste.

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Method of administration: Apply only to affected areas for about 20 minutes.

Recipe-11:-Mask-with-white-clay-with-different-juices

Recipe 11: Mask with white clay with different juices

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Preparation: Dilute the white clay powder with cucumber juice, juice of pressed parsley leaves, ofica juice, blackcurrant juice or sauerkraut juice.

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Method of administration: Apply the paste for 20 minutes.

Recipe-12:-Calendula-juice

Recipe 12: Calendula juice

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Method of application: Fresh flower juice or calendula leaves can be used for application on pigmented skin areas several times a day.

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Recipe-13:-Ice-cubes-from-the-fruits-of-guelder-rose

Recipe 13: Ice cubes from the fruits of guelder rose

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Preparation: Viburnum opulus fresh fruit juice is frozen in small forms.

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Method of administration: The skin is rubbed vigorously and massaged with ice cubes at least twice a day.

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Other folk remedies for the treatment of pigmentation include grapefruit, pomegranate, birch juice, blackcurrant juice and ofica, as well as juice squeezed from fresh parsley and dandelion leaves. Pigmented areas are smeared with one of the above freshly squeezed juices several times a day.

Recipe-14:-Fermented-dairy-products

Recipe 14: Fermented dairy products

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Method of administration: Fermented dairy products such as kefir and yogurt are recommended for smearing on unwanted pigmentation 2-3 times a day.

Recipe-15:-Elderflower-infusion

Recipe 15: Elderflower infusion

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Preparation: Pour 1 cup of boiling water over about 5-6 dried black elder flower buds, cover tightly and leave until completely cool. Strain and dilute the resulting infusion with about half a glass of clean water.

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Method of application: Soak a piece of wool in the reconstituted solution and apply to the pigmented areas. As soon as the wool begins to dry, it should be moistened again and the process repeated 3-4 times each day.

Recipe-16:-Cabbage-juice-mask

Recipe 16: Cabbage juice mask

Recipe-16:-Cabbage-juice-mask_0_0

It is believed that the mask of cabbage juice is an effective means of removing freckles, sunny strips and fine wrinkles.

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Method of administration: Apply to the skin using a piece of cotton for 10-15 minutes and rinse with cold water. It is recommended to do this 2-3 times a week.

Herbal-anti-wrinkle-recipes

Herbal anti-wrinkle recipes

Recipe-1:-Potato-mask

Recipe 1: Potato mask

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Potato mask for sensitive skin prone to irritations, with puffiness of the face and wrinkles.

Recipe-1:-Potato-mask_1_1

Preparation: Peel the raw potatoes, finely grate them and place the resulting paste between two layers of gauze.

Recipe-1:-Potato-mask_1_2

Method of application: Apply gauze with the paste to the face for 15-20 minutes and rinse with warm water. The mask smoothes, softens, moisturizes and tones the skin. For acne treatment - keep the mask on for 1-2 hours.

Recipe-1:-Potato-mask_1_3

Recipe-2:-Mask-with-potatoes-and-cucumbers

Recipe 2: Mask with potatoes and cucumbers

Recipe-2:-Mask-with-potatoes-and-cucumbers_1_0

Mask with potatoes and cucumbers to remove wrinkles.

Recipe-2:-Mask-with-potatoes-and-cucumbers_1_1

Preparation: Grate fresh potatoes and cucumbers on a fine grater and mix them.

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Method of application: Apply the mixture to the face and neck for 20 minutes. Rinse with water containing a few drops of lemon juice. Dry the skin and massage gently with olive oil.

Recipe-3:-St.-John's-Wort-cleansing-tonic

Recipe 3: St. John's Wort cleansing tonic

Recipe-3:-St.-John's-Wort-cleansing-tonic_1_0

St. John's wort tonic for evening cleansing of wilted skin.

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Preparation: Add 10 ml of 70% medical alcohol to 100 ml of St. John's wort. Then add 1 tablespoon of tonic to a glass of boiling water and then cool the mixture.

Recipe-3:-St.-John's-Wort-cleansing-tonic_1_2

Method of administration: The tonic should be used to cleanse the skin.

Recipe-4:-Mask-of-boiled-potatoes

Recipe 4: Mask of boiled potatoes

Recipe-4:-Mask-of-boiled-potatoes_1_0

Potato mask for oily and ageing skin.

Recipe-4:-Mask-of-boiled-potatoes_1_1

Preparation: Boil and smash potatoes and then apply them as a mask on the skin.

armoracia rusticana

Easy Recipes From Russian Folk Medicine For The Treatment Of Skin Diseases. Part 3: Hyperpigmentation, Wrinkles, Psoriasis, Hyperhidrosis

The Most Effective Herbs Against Cystitis