Hyperhidrosis is a condition characterized by abnormally increased sweating, in excess of that required for regulation of body temperature. Although primarily a physical burden, hyperhidrosis can deteriorate quality of life from a psychological, emotional, and social perspective. Common places to sweat can include underarms, face, neck, back, and groin. It has been called by some 'the silent handicap'.Both the words diaphoresis and hidrosis can mean either perspiration (in which sense they are synonymous ...

hyperhidrosis

What-is-Botox?

What is Botox? 

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Botox is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, which causes botulism. Botulinum toxin works by blocking nerve activity in the muscles. Several types of botulinum toxin are known – A, B, C, D, E, F and G – and for medicinal purposes are mainly used type A and very rarely type B.

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Botox injections are used to soften mimic wrinkles, prevent chronic migraines, excessive sweating, cervical dystonia, spasticity, certain diseases of the eye muscles and other specific conditions. Botox injections work by relaxing muscles and blocking signals that cause muscles to contract.&nbsp;

What-can-Botox-be-used-for?

What can Botox be used for? 

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The areas of application of botulinum toxin are not limited to the most popular placement in the upper or lower part of the face. Here are the other conditions Botox can be used for: 1

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Chronic migraine: Botox is used for chronic migraines in patients who have 15 or more headaches per month that last 4 hours a day or more. In migraines, Botox is administered to seven specific areas of the head and neck muscles. The results usually last up to 12 weeks, depending on the individual patient. </li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Facial wrinkles: Cosmetic Botox is used to temporarily reduce the appearance of facial wrinkles in adults.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Cervical dystonia: Botox is used in adults to treat cervical dystonia, a condition that causes the neck muscles to contract abnormally. This causes the neck to twist and the head to tilt to one side, forward or backward.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Muscle stiffness: Botox is also used to treat muscle stiffness (spasticity) of the arms, legs and feet in adults and children aged at least 2 years. Spasticity is when there is an abnormal increase in muscle tone or stiffness of the muscles, which can cause problems with movement, speech, or can cause discomfort or pain.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Eye muscle conditions: Botox is used to treat certain eye muscle conditions caused by nervous disorders in adults and children at least 12 years old. This includes uncontrolled blinking or spasm of the eyelids and a condition in which the eyes do not point in the same direction (strabismus).</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Bladder problems: Botox is used in adults to treat overactive bladder and incontinence (leakage of urine) that have not been affected by other medicines. Botox can be used to treat incontinence caused by nerve diseases, such as spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis.</li></ul>

The-8-Most-Important-Questions-Before-Botox

The 8 Most Important Questions Before Botox

The-first-consultation-is-the-most-important

The first consultation is the most important 

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Like any other procedure, finding a specialist who will make you feel comfortable and answer your questions is crucial before Botox. 2

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Specialists examine the capacity of the muscles and feel exactly how the different muscles contract and pull the skin. Each of the muscles of the glabell (between the eyebrows), temple, and around the eyes (crow's feet) are attached to the skin, which is why they cause wrinkles when they contract. Botox injections reduce the ability of muscles to contract completely, thereby reducing/eliminating wrinkles.&nbsp;

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You should also have a thorough assessment of the condition before the injection. Some antibiotics, especially in the aminoglycoside category, such as gentamicin, can increase the strength of neurotoxins. Therefore, if you want to be given a Botox injection, make sure you find the right skin specialist who understands the different skin types and applies the best possible treatment.&nbsp;

Botox-is-a-temporary-solution

Botox is a temporary solution 

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Probably one of the most important questions people have is how long Botox results last. The constructive results of Botox can last up to half a year, when even the procedure can be repeated at the earliest.&nbsp;

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The time frame for results depends on many factors, including your digestion, how often you exercise, the severity of damaged skin, and much more. No matter which neurotoxin you try, the results aren't quick and don't last forever. Depending on the amount of neurotoxin infused and how your body processes it, most patients will see that the effect of Botox injection lasts three to four months, after which they need a new injection.

The-results-are-not-immediate

The results are not immediate 

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Given our culture of instant gratification, we must point out that Botox results are not immediate. Usually, fourteen days after insertion, you will be able to see the full effects of Botox. The time required for a complete Botox result depends on the individual, the area treated, and various other variables. The affected nerves have "binding sites" that allow the chemical to stick to their surface and suppress activity. The more binding sites your nerves contain, the faster the results will begin to show.

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Several procedures are needed to insert botulinum toxin

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Of course, you can put Botox once and assess whether you are satisfied with the effect of the procedure. But to get long-lasting results, several procedures are needed because Botox is not long-lasting.&nbsp;

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The impact disappears and wrinkles may reappear. This is because your nerve cells produce acetylcholine receptors after Botox disappears. These receptors create facial expressions that cause wrinkles. To really remove wrinkles, you need to apply Botox again and again.&nbsp;

Botox-is-safe-with-proper-operation-and-placement

Botox is safe with proper operation and placement 

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Botox is generally considered a safe drug, and it is extremely important to be administered by specialists with the appropriate license. This can minimize the risks of the procedure that may follow.&nbsp;

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Be aware of where your Botox injection comes from 

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Make sure your doctor is the official supplier of each substance to be injected. Allergan, Merz and Galderma are three of the leading producers of neurotoxins and fillers – such as Botox, Vistabel, Bocouture, Xeoxin, Azzalure and Dysport – and Allergan also produces the dissolving fat Kybella.&nbsp;

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To reduce the risk of applying an expired, contaminated or potentially dangerous product, some manufacturers' websites offer a zip code search tool to any licensed physician who has received their product legally.

Botox-won't-remove-your-wrinkles-completely.

Botox won't remove your wrinkles completely. 

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Botox is not a magical product, despite the fact that it effectively copes with the symptoms of aging. Because of this, Botox is not a panacea to completely remove your wrinkles. Botox mostly removes certain types of wrinkles, especially wrinkles that form due to facial expressions. These include crow's feet (three wrinkles in the outer corners of the eyes), glabella (wrinkles between the eyebrows) and frontalis (wrinkles on the forehead).&nbsp;

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"Static curves" is another term for wrinkles. These wrinkles can appear at any time, even when our skin is flabby. They develop for a variety of reasons, such as hereditary qualities, UV damage, and lack of hydration or collagen. And the last two are characteristic with advancing age.

You-Should-Avoid-Certain-Foods-and-Drinks-Before-Botox

You Should Avoid Certain Foods and Drinks Before Botox 

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Most Botox veterans and fillers know that they should stop anticoagulants such as aspirin and ibuprofen before insertion, as these types of medications inhibit blood clotting and increase the risk of bruising if the needle cuts through a blood vessel.&nbsp;

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Experts in the field say that fish oil, multivitamins, green tea, cinnamon, ginger and red wine are also contraindicated all week before Botox. Antioxidants, though not all, can increase the fragility of blood vessels and prevent clotting. Therefore, always ask your doctor at least two weeks before Botox treatments what foods, drinks, and medications you should avoid.

Risks-of-Botox

Risks of Botox 

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Botox injections are relatively safe when performed by qualified specialist doctors. Preparations containing botulinum toxin are medications, so they should be administered only by medical professionals with appropriate education and experience. Possible side effects and complications that can occur with improper placement include:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Pain, swelling or bruising at the injection site</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Headache or flu-like symptoms</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Sagging eyelids or protruding eyebrows</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Crooked smile</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Dry eyes or excessive watery 3</li></ul>Although it is highly unlikely, it is possible that the toxin in the injection will spread throughout the body. If you notice any of these effects hours to weeks after Botox, contact your doctor immediately and visit a medical center:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Muscle weakness</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Vision problems</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Trouble speaking or swallowing</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Breathing problems</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Loss of bladder control</li></ul>

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You should not be treated with Botox if you are allergic to botulinum toxin or if you have:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">infection in the area where botox will be injected;&nbsp;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">• a current bladder infection or if you cannot urinate and do not routinely use a catheter.</li></ul>To make sure Botox is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have ever had:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">other injections of botulinum toxin (especially in the last 3-4 months);</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">myasthenia gravis;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Lambert-Eaton syndrome;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">side effect after previous use of botulinum toxin;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">respiratory disorder, such as asthma or emphysema;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">problems with swallowing;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">weakness of the facial muscles (drooping eyelids, problems with raising the eyebrows);</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">change in the normal appearance of the face;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">problems with bleeding;&nbsp;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Operation.</li></ul>

Botox is a fast, affordable&nbsp; and relatively painless procedure that minimizes the visible signs of aging. The increasingly famous botulinum toxin for injection removes wrinkles by briefly paralyzing the muscles of the face. Botox is probably the most popular aesthetic procedure for anti-aging effect, but for long-term results it should be applied over a period of time and in combination with other methods to delay aging.&nbsp; Given that botox is a neurotoxin that affects the muscles of the face, it should not be approached irresponsibly before the procedure. With some research and preparation, you can make an informed choice about whether this method is right for you. We hope that with the issues discussed in the article you have got an idea of what you need to know before you get Botox and what are the advantages and disadvantages.

Everything you need to know before injecting botulinum toxin (Botox)

Everything you need to know before injecting botulinum toxin (

Бетина Цветкова

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Adaptation of the text: Rositsa Tashkova, Master of Molecular Biology and Microbiology

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The Russian state occupies vast territories with diverse climatic conditions and includes many peoples and their culture. This makes especially interesting the study of their folk medicine.

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Medicinal plants have been used in the lands that make up modern Russia since ancient times. A study of numerous written sources shows that herbal treatments were applied by the Scythians living in the northern territories along the Black Sea coast between the Dniester and Don rivers (from the 7th century BC to the 1st century AD).

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The collection and use of medicinal plants in Russia became especially widespread during the reign of Peter I (1672-1725), who personally grew medicinal herbs in his private garden. &nbsp;

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This article is devoted to the most common herbal recipes from Russian folk medicine for the treatment of various dermatological diseases. Medicinal plants are well known and available in our country. The information is taken from the article "Russian traditional medicine in dermatology", published in 2018 in the journal Clinics in Dermatology. [<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0738081X18300439" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.1</a>]

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The authors Prof. Dr. Olisova, Prof. Dr. Snarskaya, Prof. Dr. Gladko and Prof. Dr. Burova are dermatologists with long-standing practice in Moscow and London.

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In <a href="/p/liesni_rietsiepti_ot_ruskata_narodna_mieditsina_za_liechieniie_na_kozhni_zaboliavaniia_chast_1_vitiligho_infiektsii_bradavitsi_bc3df7f8_9ae1_4e6a_a6f1_ceb16618772d" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">the first part of the article</a>, you learned what are the recipes that Russian folk medicine uses to treat vitiligo, infections and warts, and in <a href="/p/liesni_rietsiepti_ot_ruskata_narodna_mieditsina_za_liechieniie_na_kozhni_zaboliavaniia_chast_2_aknie_diermatit_rozatsieia" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">the </a>second - for acne, dermatitis and rosacea. Here you will find recipes for dealing with hyperpigmentation, wrinkles, psoriasis, hyperhidrosis.

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Herbal-Recipes-For-Dealing-With-Hyperpigmentation

Herbal Recipes For Dealing With Hyperpigmentation

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There are many causes of hyperpigmentation. It can be focal or diffuse and in most cases is due to increased melanin production. Diffuse pigmentation indicates systemic disease, for example, Addison's disease and hemochromatosis.

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Hyperpigmentation may have a paraneoplastic character. After inflammation, hyperpigmentation is the most common cause of focal pigmentation, while melasma and ochronosis have a more complex etiology.

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Folk medicine does not distinguish between types of hyperpigmentation and should therefore be used with caution.

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Russian folk medicine uses the whitening properties of lemon, grapefruit, sauerkraut, radish, parsley, cucumber, egg white, oatmeal, dandelion juice and milkweed (asclepias). It also uses dairy products such as kefir, whey and fermented milk to make lotions to treat pigmented skin.

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Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) belongs to the genus Cucumis of the Cucurbitaceae family. Studies show high antioxidant activity, analgesic and anti-inflammatory action (thanks to flavonol fizetin).

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Cucumber has been used to relieve headaches, seeds - such as diuretic, juice - applied topically against acne and hyperpigmentation.

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It contains vitamins B and C, honey, potassium, manganese, proteolytic enzymes, rutin, oxidase, succinic and maleic dehydrogenases, etc. Alpha- and Beta-amirin, sytosterols and hellebozids are found in seeds, and hellebobids B and C and ferredoxin in the leaves.

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The effectiveness of cucumber preparations in the treatment of hyperpigmentation is also due to the proposed inhibitory tyrosine activity of the plant.

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Lemon is used as a means of treating hyperpigmentation due to its high concentration of vitamin C, as well as as peeling of the skin. Other fruits high in vitamin C include tomatoes, red peppers, potatoes, blackcurrants and citrus fruits.

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Recipe-1:-Lemon-solution-for-skin-whitening

Recipe 1: Lemon solution for skin whitening

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Preparation: Dilute the freshly squeezed lemon juice with water in a ratio of 1:10.

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Method of administration: Apply the solution several times a day to the affected skin.

Recipe-2:-Mask-with-starch-and-lemon-juice-against-dark-spots-on-the-skin

Recipe 2: Mask with starch and lemon juice against dark spots on the skin

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Preparation: Mask made of starch and lemon juice for sun lentigo - depending on the number of stains, half or a tablespoon of potato starch is dissolved in freshly squeezed lemon juice until a dense mass forms.

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Method of administration: Apply to the pigmentation areas and leave for 20-25 minutes. Note that lemon juice can irritate the skin.

Recipe-3:-Cucumber-peel-for-skin-depigmentation

Recipe 3: Cucumber peel for skin depigmentation

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Method of application: The skin can be bleached and toned using cucumber juice or by rubbing fresh cucumber slices on the affected areas.

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Fresh cucumber slices can also be applied to closed eyelids to reduce puffiness.

Recipe-4:-Cucumber-peel-infusion

Recipe 4: Cucumber peel infusion

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Preparation: Peel the cucumber. Place 3 tablespoons of finely chopped peel in a container, pour 1 cup of 40% vodka or 40% medical alcohol, close the container tightly and leave until the contents turn greenish.

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Method of administration: Apply the infusion to the pigmented areas.

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Recipe-5:-Blackcurrant-mask

Recipe 5: Blackcurrant mask

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Preparation: A mask of blackcurrant is prepared from a tablespoon of unripe fruits and a tablespoon of honey.

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Method of administration: The mask should be carefully rubbed on the face and left for half an hour. It is then removed and the face is rinsed with a 1:10 solution of lemon juice and water.

Recipe-6:-Potato-mask

Recipe 6: Potato mask

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Preparation: A mask of grated raw potatoes is prepared with the addition of a few drops of vegetable oil, a tablespoon of milk and almond bran.

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Method of administration: The mask is applied to the pigmented skin for 20 minutes.

Recipe-7:-Mask-with-honey-and-fish-oil

Recipe 7: Mask with honey and fish oil

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Honey mask, which includes fish oil, is suitable for the skin at any age.

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Preparation: All components must be mixed in equal proportions.

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Method of administration: The mask should be applied for 15 minutes.

Recipe-8:-Onion-juice

Recipe 8: Onion juice

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Onion juice for the treatment of freckles and lentigo (spots from the sun).

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Method of application: Wipe the face with fresh onion juice. To reduce possible irritation, the skin is smeared with a thin layer of sour cream, which is then removed with warm water. This method can be used in dry and normal skin.

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Recipe-9:-Oatmeal-soap

Recipe 9: Oatmeal soap

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Preparation: Grind the oatmeal and tuck into a piece of wet gauze.

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Method of application: This soap is used for washing without removing the oat flakes from the gauze - instead of another type of soap or shower gel. If necessary, moisturizer can be applied after washing.

Recipe-10:-Mask-with-white-clay-and-lemon-juice

Recipe 10: Mask with white clay and lemon juice

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Preparation: Add clay powder to freshly squeezed lemon juice to the consistency of the paste.

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Method of administration: Apply only to affected areas for about 20 minutes.

Recipe-11:-Mask-with-white-clay-with-different-juices

Recipe 11: Mask with white clay with different juices

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Preparation: Dilute the white clay powder with cucumber juice, juice of pressed parsley leaves, ofica juice, blackcurrant juice or sauerkraut juice.

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Method of administration: Apply the paste for 20 minutes.

Recipe-12:-Calendula-juice

Recipe 12: Calendula juice

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Method of application: Fresh flower juice or calendula leaves can be used for application on pigmented skin areas several times a day.

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Recipe-13:-Ice-cubes-from-the-fruits-of-guelder-rose

Recipe 13: Ice cubes from the fruits of guelder rose

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Preparation: Viburnum opulus fresh fruit juice is frozen in small forms.

hyperhidrosis

Easy Recipes From Russian Folk Medicine For The Treatment Of Skin Diseases. Part 3: Hyperpigmentation, Wrinkles, Psoriasis, Hyperhidrosis

Russian folk medicine for healthy skin. Part 2: acne, dermatitis, rosacea