Gingivitis is a non-destructive disease that causes inflammation of the gums. The most common form of gingivitis, and the most common form of periodontal disease overall, is in response to bacterial biofilms (also called plaque) that is attached to tooth surfaces, termed plaque-induced gingivitis. Most forms of gingivitis are plaque-induced.While some cases of gingivitis never progress to periodontitis, periodontitis is always preceded by gingivitis.Gingivitis is reversible with good oral hygiene; ...

gingivitis

Why-use-powder-to-clean-your-teeth?

Why use powder to clean your teeth?

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Tooth powder is a mixture of different types of powders designed to clean teeth and refresh breath in order to maintain good oral hygiene and prevent dental disease.

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Tooth powder is not literally dehydrated toothpaste. As a tool that has been known for a long time - for the first time, powder was used to clean teeth from the ancient Greeks and Romans, who mixed charcoal or ash with ground bones, hooves and oyster shells to create sandy dust. The Chinese and English are also developing their own formulas, updating the "formula" with spices, herbs, vegetable oils and honey.

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Fortunately, we now have much tastier powders that clean teeth and gums. Almost all modern tooth powders use baking soda or calcium carbonate as the main ingredient with additives to improve the cleansing power of the toothpaste or add flavor. [ <a href="https://www.bjbms.org/ojs/index.php/bjbms/article/view/3362" target="_blank" data-ref="Just a moment..." rel="noopener">[ref. 1]</a>&nbsp;]

The-active-ingredients-of-powder-for-cleaning-teeth

The active ingredients of powder for cleaning teeth

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In commercial formulas of powders for cleaning teeth, substances such as fluoride, sweeteners, flavors and detergent sodium lauryl sulfate are usually added. Often, smaller producer companies try to keep their ingredients more natural by using a combination of calcium carbonate or baking soda, salt, clay and essential oils. Some formulas may also contain activated charcoal as a natural bleaching agent that has proven itself over time. [&nbsp;<a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jerd.12646" target="_blank" data-ref="Just a moment..." rel="noopener">[ref. 2]</a>&nbsp;]

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What-is-more-effective:-powder-for-cleaning-teeth-or-toothpaste?

What is more effective: powder for cleaning teeth or toothpaste?

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Tooth powders may seem like something very unconventional, strange and even deceptive. However, studies have shown that when used correctly, tooth powders work just as well to maintain oral health as toothpaste. A recent study even suggested that tooth powders are more effective at controlling plaque and gingivitis than toothpaste. [ <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28862466/" target="_blank" data-ref="Evaluating the Clinical Efficacy of Tooth Powder on Plaque-Induced Gingivitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial - PubMed" rel="noopener">[ref. 3]</a>&nbsp;

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Whether you stop at toothpaste or a powder depends on your personal preferences, it is important to use both correctly, as well as brush your teeth in the right way - with movements in the direction up and down, not sideways on the teeth.

The-benefits-of-activated-charcoal

The benefits of activated charcoal

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Using activated charcoal powder in the same way that you would use any other mixture of tooth powder is rather controversial. Activated charcoal is used by many manufacturers to make a variety of products, including whitening toothpastes, tooth powder and others.&nbsp;

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However, since it is black in color, you may need to thoroughly brush your teeth with more pressure. However, this can damage the enamel of the teeth and make them more sensitive, irritating the gums.&nbsp;

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There is also a tendency for charcoal to stain dental fillings, implants, veneers and others. It may be safest to stick to formulas that contain baking soda or calcium carbonate as the main ingredients if you prefer natural and working solutions.

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How-to-make-a-homemade-powder-formula-for-cleaning-your-teeth

How to make a homemade powder formula for cleaning your teeth

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Preparing your own toothpaste is quite easy. Some ingredients such as baking soda can be found on the shelves of the nearest grocery store, while for others you can visit either a specialty health food store or shop online.

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You can mix and combine these ingredients for your homemade powder cleaning formula:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Baking soda: a commonly used abrasive that gently cleans teeth and removes stains.&nbsp;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Calcium powder: cleans and whitens teeth, provides additional calcium.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Bentonit clay: binds particles and contains minerals that can remineralize teeth.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Sea salt: helps soothe irritated gums, contains minerals.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Ground cloves (or cinnamon): have natural antibacterial properties, add an&nbsp; interesting taste.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Sage: gently whitens the teeth.</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Mint (or other essential oils): has antiseptic and painkiller properties, soothes inflamed gums, gives taste. Do not use in allergy to the plant!</li></ul><ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Xylithol: gives sweetness as it is a natural sweetener.</li></ul>

It is believed that the tooth powder for cleaning is available for many thousands of years. Ancient people prepared it using quite non-traditional ingredients, but today the prefered components are baking soda, salt, activated charcoal powder, flavors and ground spices. With all of them you can make your own homemade tooth powder formula for cleaning teeth without aggressive substances irritating the gums or damaging the enamel.

Forget toothpaste- it's time to use powder to clean your teeth

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Forget tooth paste- it's time to use powder to clean your teeth

Бетина Цветкова

What-is-Calendula-and-where-does-it-come-from

What is Calendula and where does it come from

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Calendula, also known as Calendula officinalis, is a plant that has historically been used for many different diseases, mainly those affecting the skin, such as wound healing. The healing part of the plant is located in the beautiful, saturated colored orange and yellow flower. &nbsp;<a href="https://www.herbal-organic.com/bg/herb/15100" target="_blank" data-ref="Calendula officinalis" rel="noopener">[ref. 1]</a> The flower petals of Calendula are rich in flavonoids &ndash; naturally occurring compounds found in vegetables and fruits &ndash; which have been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antithrombogenic, antidiabetic, anticancer and neuroprotective actions through various mechanisms of action in vitro and in animal models.

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Possible-uses-of-Calendula

Possible uses of Calendula 

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Calendula is used to treat various diseases affecting the skin, as well as infections and fungi. Research shows that Calendula can be effective in treating diaper rash, wounds, vaginal fungal infections and other skin diseases. Calendula is also used as a means of reducing pain and inflammation, therefore it cat act as a painkiller and has anti-inflammatory properties. It is also used as an aid in the treatment of cancer - specifically for side effects associated with radiotherapy.&nbsp;

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The active ingredients of the flower of Calendula are naturally occurring chemicals, such as triterpene saponins (oleanolic acid glycosides), triterpene alcohols (&alpha;-, &beta;-amirins, faradiol) and flavonoids (ivercetin and isoramnetin). <a href="https://www.herbal-organic.com/bg/pubmed/Preparative_purification_of_the_major_anti_inflammatory_triterpenoid_esters_from_Marigold_Calendula_officinalis_12781802" target="_blank" data-ref="Preparative purification of the major anti-inflammatory triterpenoid esters from Marigold (Calendula officinalis). | Билкови и природни лекарства" rel="noopener">[ref. 2]</a> It is considered that the photoprotective effect of local gel formulations containing Calendula is associated with improving collagen synthesis in subepidermal connective tissue. There is also evidence that chemicals in Calendula enhance the growth of new tissue in wound healing and reduce inflammation. &nbsp;<a href="https://www.herbal-organic.com/bg/pubmed/Anti_inflammatory_anti_tumor_promoting_and_cytotoxic_activities_of_constituents_of_marigold_Calendula_officinalis_flowers_17190444" target="_blank" data-ref="Anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor-promoting, and cytotoxic activities of constituents of marigold (Calendula officinalis) flowers. | Билкови и природни лекарства" rel="noopener">[ref. 3]</a>&nbsp;

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Calendula extract and tea can have beneficial effects for seven aspects, as follows:

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<ol><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Rich in antioxidants &ndash; Antioxidants are useful compounds that neutralize the harmful effects of oxidative stress in the body and reduce the risk of a number of diseases. Calendula extract has several powerful antioxidants, including triterpenes, flavonoids, <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25266574/" target="_blank" data-ref="Extracts from Calendula officinalis offer in vitro protection against H2 O2 induced oxidative stress cell killing of human skin cells - PubMed" rel="noopener">polyphenols and carotenoids</a>.&nbsp;[ref. 4]&nbsp; &nbsp;In addition, calendula extract can boast anti-inflammatory compounds, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF&alpha;). While inflammation is a normal bodily response, chronic inflammation is associated with a number of conditions, including obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes.&nbsp;<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19374166/" target="_blank" data-ref="Anti-inflammatory activity of flower extract of Calendula officinalis Linn. and its possible mechanism of action - PubMed" rel="noopener">[ref. 5]</a>&nbsp;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Can promote the healing of wounds and skin ulcers - Calendula extract, found in oils, ointments and tinctures, can be used topically to treat wounds and ulcers. You can also apply tea to your skin by a fabric compress or a spray bottle. However, there is no data on whether drinking tea from Calendula has the same effects. In vitro studies involving animals have shown that Calendula extract can regulate the expression of certain proteins that promote wound healing. &nbsp;<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27426257/" target="_blank" data-ref="The Water Fraction of Calendula officinalis Hydroethanol Extract Stimulates In Vitro and In Vivo Proliferation of Dermal Fibroblasts in Wound Healing - PubMed" rel="noopener">[Ref. 6]</a>&nbsp; </li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">The antioxidant content of Calendula can provide antitumor effects - In vitro studies have shown that flavonoids and triterpene antioxidants of Calendula can fight leukemia, melanoma, cancer cells of the colon and pancreas. &nbsp;<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22899374/" target="_blank" data-ref="Chamomile and marigold tea: chemical characterization and evaluation of anticancer activity - PubMed" rel="noopener">[Ref. 7]</a> &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17190444/" target="_blank" data-ref="Anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor-promoting, and cytotoxic activities of constituents of marigold (Calendula officinalis) flowers - PubMed" rel="noopener">[Ref. 8]</a>&nbsp; However, there is no human studies to confirm the same effects.&nbsp;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">May have antifungal and antimicrobial properties - Calendula extract is known for its antifungal and antimicrobial properties, confirmed in studies such as "Antimicrobial Activity of Calendula officinalis petal extracts against fungi", as well as in "Gram-negative and Gram-positive clinical pathogens"&nbsp; <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22789794/" target="_blank" data-ref="Antimicrobial activity of Calendula officinalis petal extracts against fungi, as well as Gram-negative and Gram-positive clinical pathogens - PubMed" rel="noopener">[ref. 9]</a>&nbsp; and "Antibacterial and antiparasitic activity of oleanolic acid and its glycosides isolated from marigold (Calendula of ficinalis)". &nbsp;<a href="https://www.herbal-organic.com/bg/pubmed/Antibacterial_and_antiparasitic_activity_of_oleanolic_acid_and_its_glycosides_isolated_from_marigold_Calendula_officinalis_18951335" target="_blank" data-ref="Antibacterial and antiparasitic activity of oleanolic acid and its glycosides isolated from marigold (Calendula officinalis). | Билкови и природни лекарства" rel="noopener">[Ref. 10]</a>&nbsp; </li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Can be used to improve oral health, including oral diseases such as gingivitis.&nbsp;</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Calendula can improve skin health - Calendula extract is widely used in cosmetics, including in creams and ointments. Studies in both vitro and humans have shown that calendula extract can improve skin hydration and stimulate its firmness and elasticity, which can slow down signs of aging, therefore it has anti-ageing effect. &nbsp;<a href="https://www.herbal-organic.com/bg/pubmed/Calendula_extract_effects_on_mechanical_parameters_of_human_skin_21928714" target="_blank" data-ref="Calendula extract: effects on mechanical parameters of human skin. | Билкови и природни лекарства" rel="noopener">[ref. 11]</a>&nbsp; </li></ol>Many people claim that the Calendula has other applications, but few of them are supported by science so far. Here are these potential areas of action of Calendula:

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<ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">It can regulate the menstrual cycle</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">It can work as a face tonic</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">It may improve heart health</li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">It may relieve muscle fatigue </li></ul>

Side-effects-and-precautions-when-using-Calendula

Side effects and precautions when using Calendula 

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It is possible to have an allergic reaction when using products with a Calendula. Therefore, you need to test your skin in advance, applying a small amount of any product with Calendula before using it. People with allergies to other plants of the Asteraceae family, such as German Chamomile and Mountain arnica, may be more susceptible to an allergy to Calendula. In addition, it may be best to avoid products with Calendula during pregnancy to reduce the risk of miscarriage, given the purported effects of the herb on menstruation.

How-to-make-a-Calendula-tea---three-easy-recipes

How to make a Calendula tea - three easy recipes

🌼-Tea-of-fresh-colors-of-Calendula-🌼

🌼 Tea of fresh colors of Calendula 🌼

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Put a handful of fresh Calendula&nbsp;colors in a jar or kettle. Pour in boiling water and leave to soak for 3-4 minutes. Strain, add honey as desired and enjoy!

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🌼 Tea from dried Calendula petals 🌼

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If you buy herbal tea from the store, these are just petals of dried flowers. You can either dry the petals of the plant yourself, or buy the herb Calendula in bulk. Add 1-2 tablespoons of dried petals to a glass and pour with 1 cup of boiling water. Leave to soak for 3-4 minutes, add honey if desired, and enjoy.

🌼-Calendula-infusion-🌼

🌼 Calendula infusion 🌼

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If you want your Calendula to have powerful healing effect and a stronger taste, try the infusion. The infusion is created by letting the herbs soak in water for a longer period of time, usually overnight, in order to extract all minerals, aromatic oils, enzymes, vitamins, etc.

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Use 1-2 tablespoons of dried petals of Calendula (or 3-4 fresh colors) per glass of water. Add Calendula to a jar or kettle and pour in boiling water. Allow to infuse overnight before use.

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Calendula, a beautiful flowering plant, is full of beneficial plant compounds that can provide antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifungal and wound healing effects. It is usually taken as a herbal tea and used in various creams for topical use on the skin, but with caution in some people.

Calendula tea and extract - potential benefits, effects and contraindications

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Calendula tea and extract - potential benefits, effects and contrai

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Author: Elena Marinova, Master of Pharmacy

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You feel pain and burning in your stomach, or maybe you are constantly bloated? This sounds exactly like an advertisement, but in fact these are symptoms that you should not ignore! Some people have only heard about them on TV, but most of us have encountered them first-person. These symptoms signal gastrointestinal diseases, for which we very often seek help from nature.

What-are-Functional-Gastrointestinal-Disorders

What are Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

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According to a large-scale multinational study, 40% of people worldwide suffer from functional gastrointestinal disorders, which are more common in women than in men. <a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/worldwide_prevalence_and_burden_of_functional_gastrointestinal_disorders_results_of_rome_foundation_global_study_32294476" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.1]</a> These are a group of diseases that manifest themselves with changing chronic or recurrent symptoms - bloated stomach, pain, reflux, burning.

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Indigestion (dyspepsia) - causes, symptoms and treatment 

7 herbs that relieve indigestion and dyspepsia

Such diseases are gastroesophageal reflux disease, irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, constipation, etc. You can read more about them in other articles on our website ( and ).

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Characteristic of these conditions is that structural or biochemical disorders are not observed, the symptoms are often unclear and difficult to locate. Many factors such as stress, genetic predisposition, disorders in the motility of the gastrointestinal tract, altered function of the immune system, can affect clinical manifestation, but still the pathophysiology of these diseases is not fully understood. <a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/herbal_therapies_in_functional_gastrointestinal_disorders_a_narrative_review_and_clinical_implication_32754057" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.2]</a>

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It is clear that these diseases deteriorate people's quality of life and require great effort from both doctors and patients.

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Can-You-Manage-This-on-Your-Own?

Can You Manage This on Your Own?

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In most cases, a doctor is consulted, but there are many ways that help relieve unpleasant symptoms and improve the general condition.

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<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Diet - building and adhering to an appropriate diet is of utmost importance.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Sports and physical activity – physical exercises can be both useful and harmful to the gastrointestinal tract. Mild to moderately heavy exercises play a protective role in constipation, colorectal cancer, cholelithiasis (gallstone disease or more simply: gallstones). Very heavy exercise can lead to nausea, vomiting, pain. <a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/The_impact_of_physical_exercise_on_the_gastrointestinal_tract_19535976" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> [ref. 3]</a></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Stress - stress can unlock or intensify the symptoms that occur with irritable bowel syndrome. This is due to the connection between the central nervous system and the nerves of the intestine.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Herbal treatment - the advantage of herbs is that they have a complex mechanism of action, which allows simultaneous management of symptomatology and removal of the cause of the condition. In addition, fewer side effects are available due to proving their safety over a long period of time.</li>
</ul>

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For some herbs, scientific studies have been carried out to demonstrate their effectiveness in functional gastrointestinal disorders, with the following 9 herbs entering the composition of a plant medicinal product for which preclinical studies and clinical trials have been conducted. The product can not be prepared at home, due to the fact that some of the plants are toxic in larger doses.

Wild-Candytuft-(Iberis-amara)

Wild Candytuft (Iberis amara)  

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Wild candytuft is also called rocket candytuft and bitter candytuft, and has been known since ancient times - the Greek doctor Gallen treated an Iberian patient with the flowers of the plant. In the late Middle Ages, Iberis found use to treat cramps and as an anti-inflammatory agent in the form of tonic drinks and wine.

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The wild candytuft (Iberis amara) has a sweet smell, but a bitter taste, thus its name - in Latin: amarus - "bitter". The genus name (Iberis) is Greek and means "Cresson", but is also associated with the ancient Roman name of Spain - Iberia.

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The plant is common in Europe and especially on the rocky shores of the Mediterranean Sea. Contains amines, cucurbitacin, flavonglycosides. A stalk of the plant is used for treatment.&nbsp;In vitro and in vivo pharmacological studies have shown that extract from the fresh plant has a tonic effect on the smooth muscles of the stomach and small intestine.

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A dose-dependent anti-ulcer effect has been proven. Toxicological studies show that fresh plant extract has no cytotoxic effect when used in therapeutic doses. <a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Iberis_amara_L_bitter_candytuft_profile_of_a_medicinal_plant_12618547" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.4 ]</a>

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Peppermint-(Mentha-piperita)

Peppermint (Mentha piperita)  

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Peppermint is a hybrid between two types - water mint (Mentha aquatica) and spearmint (Mentha spicata). The leaves of the plant are used. They contain essential oils – mainly menthol, menthon and piperiton.

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Peppermint oil (Oleum menthae) is obtained by water vapor distillation of a wilted aboveground part of the plant and is a colorless or slightly yellowish liquid with a characteristic minty smell. It has antispasmodic, carminative, antiseptic and sedative (calming) effect,&nbsp;thanks to which it is used in gastrointestinal complaints, menstrual pains, skin irritations.

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There is a legend that in the underworld of the River Kokytos a water nymph named Minta lived, which seduced the god Hades. To get revenge, the Queen of the Underworld (Persephone) turned her into a plant that is now known as peppermint.

Lemon-Balm-(Melissa-officinalis)

Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis)  

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Lemon balm is a perennial herbaceous plant. For healing purposes, the leaves – Melissae folium, are used. It contains essential oils (citral, citronellol, geraniol), triterpenes and phenolic acids. It has antispasmodic, carminative, sedative and hypotensive effect.

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In the Middle Ages, monks prepared decoctions and wine from the leaves of the lemon balm mainly as a means of aiding digestion. Due to the numerous healing effects of the lemon balm, it had to be grown by decree of Charlemagne in every monastic garden in Europe. At that time, lemon balm essential oil was called "liquid gold" because of its high price.

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Garden-Angelica-(Angelica-archangelica)

Garden Angelica (Angelica archangelica)

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Garden angelica is also known as wild celery and Norwegian angelica. There is a legend that tells that the plant was brought to Earth by Archangel Raphael, hence the name (Angelica archangelica). For a long time, people thought that it healed everything - a mystical panacea.

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Unfortunately, the garden angelica can not be applied to all diseases, but the healing properties of the herb are not few. The root of the plant containing furanocoumarins (angelicin, isobergapten) is used – it has a diuretic, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory effect and regulates the production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. The root extract of the plant has a relaxing effect on the upper part of the stomach and tones the muscles in its lower part, which relieves the symptoms of bloated stomach, pain, heaviness.

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It is important to know that furanocoumarins are toxic - they penetrate the skin, and under the influence of UV light they interact with DNA in the nuclei of epithelial cells, forming strong bonds. That's how the cells die. The result is serious skin inflammation – phytophotodermatitis.

Caraway-(Carum-carvi)

Caraway (Carum carvi)

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The fruits of the plant (Carvi fructus) are used – the fruits are light brown with a characteristic smell, collected before they are fully ripe. They contain essential oils (carvone, limonene, geraniol), flavonols (quercetin, kaempferol), proteins, coumarins. It has antispasmodic, carminative and revulsive (causes redness and warming) action.

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The caraway finds widespread application as a spice. It originates in the Middle East, Europe and North Africa. It is officially recognized by the European Scientific Cooperative in Phytotherapy as a means of alleviating stomach complaints and flatulence in children suffering from colic.

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Greater-Celandine-(Chelidonium-majus)

Greater Celandine (Chelidonium majus)  

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Greater celandine has also been known since ancient times. It was known as Devil's Milk because of the milky juice, which contains the active substances. The above-ground part of the plant is used.

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It contains the alkaloids chelidonine, sanguinarine, chelerythrin, berberine, isolated from orange milky juice. The antispasmodic action is due to chelidonine and is stronger than the action of papaverine. Alkaloids are highly poisonous substances! It is interesting that the herb also has an antioxidant effect, and the milky juice is used externally to treat warts.

Chamomile-(Chamomilla-recutita)

Chamomile (Chamomilla recutita)

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Chamomile has been a well-known and widely used herb since ancient times. The flowers of the plant are used, which contain essential oils, flavonoids, coumarins. Chamomile oil (Chamomile oleum) is obtained by water vapour distillation and contains sesquiterpenes and polyins, which have antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory action. Thanks to these properties chamomile finds widespread application.

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It is used in:

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<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">stomach pain and other manifestations of gastrointestinal discomfort - besides its antispasmodic action, chamomile also reduces the production of hydrochloric acid.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">skin irritations - enters the composition of many creams and other dermatic products.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">sore throat and other inflammations of the upper respiratory tract.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">sores and gingivitis - used in the form of mouthwash.</li>
</ul>

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Chamomile is widespread and easily accessible and you can easily prepare chamomile tea at home.

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Milk-Thistle-(Silybum-marianum)

Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum)

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Initially, the milk thistle was found mainly in rocky mountains in the Mediterranean, but later spread throughout the world. According to the legend, the name of the plant is derived from the color of the leaves - it is considered marked by the milk of Virgin Mary.

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Milk thistle was used in antiquity as a vegetable, using all its parts in a raw or boiled state. Due to its delicious fruits and prickly colors, it is called "wild artichokes".

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It is the fruits of the plant that are used later and for healing purposes. It contains flavolignan complex - silymarin, which has hepatoprotective (protects the liver) and antispasmodic action. Due to these healing properties, milk thistle is used in liver diseases such as hepatitis and cirrhosis and in problems with the gallbladder.

Liquorice-(Glycyrrhiza-glabra)

Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)  

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The name of the plant comes from the fact that its roots have a sweet taste - from Greek: glycos - "sweet", rhiza - "root". The herb was used is Ancient Egypt, where it was believed that pharaohs could prepare a sweet drink "mai sus" in the afterlife. The root of the plant is used. It contains flavonoids (liquidin), to which antispasmodic action is due. Triterpene saponones in drugs determine the expectoaching effect and application in inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, accompanied by a productive cough.

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Nature provides us with many other herbs to help us fight functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, but we should always be careful when using them, especially if it is at home.

9 herbs that relieve stomach pain, burning and bloating

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 9 herbs that relieve stomach pain, burning and bloating

Elena Marinova

Author: Rositsa Tashkova, Master of Molecular Biology and Microbiology

Tea is the most common drink after water. Tea, which is prepared from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant is 3 types: green, oolong and black - depending on the degree of oxidation of the leaves.

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Black tea is consumed much more often than green tea - about 78% of consumption falls on it, and only 20% - on the green.

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The less oxidized the leaves, the more valuable substances are preserved in tea, so green tea is much more healthy than black tea. It is extremely rich in antioxidants and the polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) - the most common catechin in tea, which holds most of its healthy qualities.

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Green tea is traditionally used in China and India, but has already gained great popularity worldwide and is easily accessible. Epigalloatechin gallate is also used as an ingredient in a number of dietary supplements.

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In this article, we will consider what are the health benefits of green tea.