Thymus vulgaris (common thyme, German thyme, garden thyme or just thyme) is a species of flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae, native to southern Europe from the western Mediterranean to southern Italy. Growing to 15–30 cm (6–12 in) tall by 40 cm (16 in) wide, it is a bushy, woody-based evergreen subshrub with small, highly aromatic, grey-green leaves and clusters of purple or pink flowers in early summer.It is useful in the garden as groundcover, where it can be short-lived, but is easily ...

thymus vulgaris

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<a href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/herbal-and-natural-medicine/id1527570321" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Download app for iOS</a>

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<a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=eu.bioseek.herbalmedicine" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Download app for Android</a>

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<a href="https://www.herbal-organic.com/en" target="_blank" rel="noopener">www.herbal-organic.com</a>

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Author: Sylvia Marinova, PhD student in the Genomic Stabilit lab at BAS

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I am almost certain that I did not have a friend from the children's English courses who voluntarily wanted to be with me in one room at the summer camps in Pamporovo, as various bugs often crawled out of the wonderfully smelling thyme which I used to dry in our wardrobe.

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Later, when I grew up a little, when we went to the mountains with my parents, I was bringing a large encyclopedia of the herbs in Bulgaria. If I liked a plant, I started flipping through the pages until I found out what it was and what properties it had.

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Now I know a lot more herbs, and to be honest, I usually collect the same species and don't have to carry thick books in the mountains.&nbsp;However, it often happens that I am asked which plant is what, knowing that I studied biology, and since botany never became my favorite at university, there are definitely a lot of medicinal plants that I do not know well and can not always answer properly.

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This is why in the article below, I will tell you about the Herbal and Natural Medicine app - a pocket encyclopedia for herbs and pure salvation for the biology student as more than a good alternative to herbal books, which are neither comfortable to carry in the mountains, nor fit well into lightweight mountaineering luggage. And not only - it is super useful in different situations, and I would definitely recommend it to any avid amateur and herbalist. Also to anyone who is interested in herbal treatment and how they can help themselves with the help of natural means and is looking for information about them that they can trust.

What-is-the-app-about

What is the app about

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The essence of Herbal and Natural Medicine is to be an application that allows you to perform a search by a plant, an active substance or a disease. The cool thing is that it gives access to scientific publications related to a particular plant and its applications in both Western and Traditional medicine. Generally speaking - it plays the role of a search engine that extracts articles from the most famous scientific databases by giving a lot of useful information about all its studied properties. Imagine something like Google, but very closely specialized in the field of scientific publications related to the world of medicinal plants.

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For example, if I write thymus vulgaris, the application will automatically sort the properties of the herb by how many scientific publications have examined them. This is already a great landmark, because it immediately shows me valuable information, and even if I don't read the listed papers, I already know that the antioxidant and antibacterial properties are much better studied ythan the laxative one of thyme. But why is this so important and convenient?

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The answer is very simple - we live in a sea of information that floods us constantly, and it is easy to mislead which claims are credible and which are not.&nbsp;For this reason, it is very important to have points of reference when filtering information and not to trust everything read on the Internet, especially when it comes to our health.

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Our Health Is In Danger: 17 Ways to Identify False Information

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Herbal and Natural Medicine does just that - it helps us find scientifically proved information, systematizes it and allows us to handle it in a convenient and understandable way. Long story short - the application makes a connection between medicinal plants, properties and diseases and shows us scientific articles that we even have the opportunity to translate into our native language.

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Associated with this feature is the possibility to conduct our search in reverse order - we set a disease or condition, and the application gives us a list of the herbs and plants that are associated with it, as well as the relevant scientific publications and their number.

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Another great thing is that the app is appropriate even when we need to do a more complicated search by key active ingredients of plants that we want to know more about.

Identification-of-plant-species

Identification of plant species

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Another main feature of the application is that it can recognize plant species by a photo. And, you see,&nbsp;to get out of an awkward situation poorly learned textbook on plant taxonomy biologists.

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You will see an option in the menu to directly capture the plant within the app, as well as one to upload a photo from the gallery of the phone. As long as the photo is in focus and you correctly determine which part of the plant is photographed (for example, flower or root), the application does everything else. It defines the Latin name and, most coolly, compiles a list of its properties and the scientific publications in which they were mentioned. Useful and easy, isn't it?

The-plants-around-us

The plants around us

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Last but not least, the third main function of Herbal and Natural Medicine is to show us a map of any plant of interest. Anyone who captures and identifies a plant can choose to keep it in a database. Thus, other people using the app can easily navigate where around them there is any specific plant that interests them.

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Imagine wondering where to go for a walk in the mountains to pick thyme. The solution is given to you again by Herbal and Natural Medicine - open the application and see on the map in which regions thyme is marked on the map and plan your walk accordingly.

Online-shop

Online shop

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There is also a built-in store in the app. Whether you are looking for a specific plant or disease, you can find with a single click dietary supplements or products related to a keyword of interest. It operates with an&nbsp;integrated matching algorithm that delivers intelligent product suggestions.

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Conclusion

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In short, Herbal and Natural Medicine is an extremely convenient and useful application. Unlike other botanical applications that only identify plant species, here you get quick access to scientific publications extracted from the most reputable scientific databases. This is complemented by an intuitive view, well-organized information, shopping opportunities and geolocation of plant species of interest. Although recently released, Herbal and Natural Medicine already has over 100,000 downloads. So instead of looking for great herbal books and loading your luggage with them, download the app and go to the woods to try it out.

Herbal and Natural Medicine - Your Pocket Encyclopedia About Herbs

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 Herbal and Natural Medicine - Your Pocket Encyclopedia About Herbs

Силвия Маринова

The art of aromatherapy has been an ancient practice known and applied for <a href="https://books.google.bg/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=2q7bPn4pgxIC&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PP15&amp;dq=history+of+aromatherapy&amp;ots=lOmGMqjSVi&amp;sig=7XkzANfUg2qezawgodT1RMicnDs&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q=history%20of%20aromatherapy&amp;f=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener"></a>millennia.&nbsp;Its many benefits and strong impact could not go unnoticed and therefore its use lies in the traditions of many peoples. It has been used as a remedy, as well as part of religious rituals, mystical and spiritual practices, in cosmetics and perfumery, in cooking <a href="https://books.google.bg/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=2q7bPn4pgxIC&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PP15&amp;dq=history+of+aromatherapy&amp;ots=lOmGMqjSVi&amp;sig=7XkzANfUg2qezawgodT1RMicnDs&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q=history%20of%20aromatherapy&amp;f=false" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.1]</a>.

In Egypt, various plant resins and aromatic oils have been used in embalming mummies.

Ayurvedic medicine in India applies essential oils as a very important part of its mind and body balancing practices. They are an integral part of massage oils, scented candles and sticks.

Aromatherapy is not foreign to the ancient Greeks either. Hippocrates used chamomile oil for reducing fever, and recommended rubbing with various aromatic herbs to maintain goodhealth. Dioskorides also mentions essential oils in its Materia Medica, which are used to this day as cinnamonoil, <a href="/p/riezienie_niepoznatata_bilka_za_plosk_koriem" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">fennel</a>, rose, rosemary, basil, juniper, pine, etc.

In the Middle Ages, the Persian healer and philosopher Avicenna discovered the distillation process, which essentially means dividing a mixture into its constituent parts.

From then until the beginning of the 20th century, there were many books describing the properties of essential oils, including their strong antiseptic properties. However, the founder of modern aromatherapy is considered to be the French doctor René Gattefossé, who was the first to use this term. He rediscovered the antimicrobial action of lavender essential oil after burning his hands in a laboratory experiment. He later used essential oils to treat soldiers wounded at the front during WWI, and described his findings in a special publication.

Today, the action of essential oils is of serious interest to science, which explores and proves the different effects on human health and psyche.

How-aromatherapy-works

How aromatherapy works

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Aromatherapy means the use of aromatic plant extracts, which are called essential oils. They are extracted from different parts of plants - their leaves, stems, flowers and fruits, and applied in different ways for therapeutic purposes.&nbsp;Most often this is done by inhalation (inhalation) or rubbing into the skin through massages, and the effects on the body, mind and emotions are numerous.

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Inhalation - the idea of this method is pure essential oils to be inhaled into the respiratory tract. This is done by evaporating the oils in the air through a special diffuser, scented candle or just a water bath. Getting into the air in small droplets, we inhale them and thus they exert their impact. On the one hand, they get into our lungs and from there into other parts of the body, and on the other hand, our sensory system and brain, and in particular the limbic system, are directly excited. It is responsible for emotions, hormonal balance, stress, heart rate, memory and more.

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External application - external application can be done by rubbing into the skin, aromatic baths and cosmetic products containing oils. The skin has the ability to absorb them and so they enter the body. It is important to mention that essential oils are never rubbed undiluted into the skin, but are diluted in other, so-called base oils. Such canbe coconut, cocoa, olive, almond, etc.

Applications-of-certain-essential-oils

Applications of certain essential oils

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Despite the long-term use of oils in folk medicine, in some cases there is not enough scientific information to prove their effects. However, they are the subject of research, and even if used in moderation, they can rarely harm us. In this sense, the experience of our ancestors can be very useful to us in the search for harmony between body, mind and spirit.

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I will list some of the more famous essential oils and some of their applications, of course where there are scientific publications on the subject, will be mentioned:

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<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">lavender oil - It is used against stress, anxiety, depression. The oil has been approved as a sedative by the World Health Organization and there are numerous studies clarifying its effects <a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Exploring_Pharmacological_Mechanisms_of_Lavender_Lavandula_angustifolia_Essential_Oil_on_Central_Nervous_System_Targets_28579958" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.2].</a> The oil is also used to treat wounds and burns, <a href="../../eng/p/6_herbs_for_migraine_relief_what_you_need_to_know" target="_blank" rel="noopener">migraines</a> and sleeping disorders.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">lemongrass - perhaps this oil is best known for its property of repelling mosquitoes - it is <a href="../../eng/p/how_to_get_rid_of_mosquitoes_and_ticks_and_stop_the_itching_with_natural_remedies" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a natural repellent</a> <a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Therapeutic_potential_of_Citronella_Essential_Oil_a_review_30019646" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.3]</a>. In addition, it has pronounced antifungal, antimicrobial and tonic properties.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">tea tree - has strong antimicrobial properties . For this reason it is often used in the treatment of acne and enters the composition of some cosmetic products <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857914003458?casa_token=WHpgWOFUuo4AAAAA:Jh_TwqBZaRlwRguvYHQFqTHCyDHdBpUU91GahSkiM-EPAiJxpa5m9zlgWc9OMVJa5uqJiJPnKA" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.4]</a>.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Eucalyptus oil - the oil has extremely wide applications. It is used in the treatment of colds and diseases of the upper respiratory tract,&nbsp; gastrointestinal disorders, helps wound healing, has antimicrobial properties, is added in repellents&nbsp; against mosquitos and other arthropods, etc. <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jsfa.8600" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.5]</a>.&nbsp;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Sandalwood - Has a pleasant smell and is used in <a href="/p/psoriazis_i_psoriatichien_artrit_sshchnost_prichini_i_liechieniie_646d5c4e_2d56_4246_894b_bd4b98ec5d3c" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"></a> <a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Sandalwood_Album_Oil_as_a_Botanical_Therapeutic_in_Dermatology_29344319" target="_blank" rel="noopener"></a> perfumery. In Eastern traditions it is considered an aphrodisiac, it is also used as a sedative and relaxant. It is used in dermatology in the treatment of skin problems such as acne, eczema, <a href="/p/psoriazis_i_psoriatichien_artrit_sshchnost_prichini_i_liechieniie_646d5c4e_2d56_4246_894b_bd4b98ec5d3c" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">psoriasis</a> <a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Sandalwood_Album_Oil_as_a_Botanical_Therapeutic_in_Dermatology_29344319" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.6]</a>.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Thyme - it is well known to us from the kitchen, but it also has a number of other medicinal properties. In Ayurveda, the essential oil is attributed antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties and is used for coughs and colds, for which action has data in the modern literature <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0926669019301360?casa_token=3etKLmRw5_8AAAAA:_YhaCgmrjOFvqtex7gxbJPloifNWupkE4PvbEgpimJBMsTxpRKGYJT4S9fAdKa4awV0IoQxYNg" target="_blank" rel="noopener">[ref.7]</a>. In addition, the oil is used as a sedative and stress reliever.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Rose oil - the pride <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5511972/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"></a> of Bulgarians. And rightly so - rose oil is an extremely valuable raw material with properties that go beyond the perfume industry. Rose oil is used in the manufacture of cosmetics, but is also known for its soothing and antidepressant action<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5511972/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> [ref.8]</a>.</li>
</ul>

Applications-of-certain-essential-oils_1_4

The list of essential oils is very long and there is no way to list each of them here, but on the other end we will give you some recipes that you can prepare and apply easily at home.

Some-home-applications-of-essential-oils

Some home applications of essential oils

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Recipes with tea tree against acne and fungi

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Mixed with base oil, tea oil can be applied directly to the pimples using an ear stick.

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A few drops of tea oil to a foot bath can help remove the unpleasant smell and against <a href="/p/zashcho_ghbichkitie_po_noktitie_sa_opasni_i_5_domashni_sriedstva_za_liechieniie" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">fungi</a>.

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Homemade bath salts

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You can prepare homemade bath salts very easily. You need one glass of sea salt, 1/4 cup of baking soda and about 10 drops of essential oil.

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Salt and soda will help the body remove toxins. In addition, salt has a beneficial effect on some skin irritations such as psoriasis, and the essential oil can have different effects, depending on which you choose to add or what combination. Here are some ideas for combining oils from:

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<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">for better sleep - lavender, cedar, orange</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">for relaxation - lavender, ylang-ylang, mandarin, coriander</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">for the respiratory system - eucalyptus, lavender, black spruce</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">tired muscles - chamomile, lavender, cypress</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">toning - rosemary, sweet orange, grapefruit</li>
</ul>

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Recipes for home-made insect repellent&nbsp;

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Use 100 ml boiled water and add to it 15-20 drops lemongrass essential oil. Optionally, you can also add a few drops of lemon eucalyptus oil.

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This repellent will protect you from mosquitoes and ticks for about 3 hours. The next recipe is for a lotion, which you can use after a mosquito bite:

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Use 100 ml of base oil of your choice and add 2-3 drops of lavender oil and 2-3 drops of tea tree oil.

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Read more in the article&nbsp;<a href="../../eng/p/how_to_get_rid_of_mosquitoes_and_ticks_and_stop_the_itching_with_natural_remedies" target="_blank" rel="noopener">How To Get Rid Of Mosquitoes And Ticks And Stop The Itching With Natural Remedies</a>

Essential-oil-side-effects

Essential oil side effects

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Essential oils contain high concentrations of bioactive ingredients. This means that they should be used only diluted. It is recommended that the final concentration be not more than 5 %.

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When using essential oils, keep in mind that they may interact with certain medicines. Therefore, it is highly recommended to consult a doctor in advance.

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It is important to note that the use of essential oils can lead to some side effects which usually pass quickly:

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<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">headache</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">vertigo</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">allergic reactions</li>
</ul>

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Last but not least, we should mention that essential oils also affect our pets . Some of them may be useful to us, but may be harmful to them and lead to poisoning.

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Read more in the article <a href="../../eng/p/plants_and_foods_that_are_toxic_for_your_pets" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Plants and foods that are toxic for your pets</a>

Aromatherapy - home-made applications

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 Aromatherapy - home-made applications

Author: Rositsa Tashkova, Master of Molecular Biology and Microbiology

Nothing spoils the mood in spring and summer as annoying biting insects - which seem to fly on swarms to draw on our blood. However, itching is our smallest problem - mosquitoes and ticks are insidious in that they transmit dangerous diseases.

Ticks carry the following dangerous (deadly) diseases:

<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Lyme disease;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Tick encephalitis;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Q-fever;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Hemorrhagic fever with kidney syndrome;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Marseilles fever and others.</li>
</ul>

Mosquitoes carry very dangerous diseases such as:

<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Malaria;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">West Nile fever;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Dengue;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Yellow fever.</li>
</ul>

Among the most effective repellents against these insects are chemical ones containing the substances DEET (N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide, formerly known as N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide) or icaridin (picaridin), but they are not always suitable for use.

DEET may show neurotoxicity in its use in combination with sunscreen and is not recommended in pregnant women unless it is extremely necessary and the risks of infection are greater than the risk of the chemical's effects on the foetus. It cannot be used in children under 2 years of age.

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Plant-based repellents are the alternative to chemical repellents (although their action, of course, is also due to chemicals ;) ). In the following lines we will consider which plants and substances from them offer protection against mosquitoes, ticks, and in some cases flies and biting midges. [<a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Chemical_and_Plant_Based_Insect_Repellents_Efficacy_Safety_and_Toxicity_26827259" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.1</a>]

Lemon-scented-Gum-Tree-or-Lemon-Eucalyptus-Oil

Lemon-scented Gum Tree or Lemon Eucalyptus Oil

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The effect of lemon eucalyptus (Corymbia citriodora or Eucalyptus citriodora) is due to the substance p-mint-3,8-diol. It offers good protection against mosquitoes and ticks, which lasts up to 2 hours, protecting better from ticks compared to DEET. Also protects against biting midges.

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At home, a mixture of 1 part lemon eucalyptus oil and 10 parts of sunflower oil can be prepared. Apply as a spray.

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Not suitable for children under 3 years and sufferers of atopic dermatitis.

Permethrin

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The substance is derived from crushed dried colors of Dalmatian chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum cinerarifolium). It is highly effective against mosquitoes, ticks, fleas and biting midges, but it is applied to clothes, nets, sleeping bags, and not on the skin. It does not damage the fabrics of clothes and plastics. It is necessary to re-apply it only after 5-10 or more laundry cycles.

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It is even more effective when used in combination with other repellents that are put on the skin. In direct contact, it causes insect paralysis, leading to its death.

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Unfortunately, mosquito resistance to permethrin has been observed in recent years.

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Citronella

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It is extracted from lemongrass (Cymbopogon spp.) and offers weak protection only against mosquitoes for up to 2 hours. Its activity is due to the substance 3,7-dimethyloct-6-en-1-al. It is used in the form of candles, oil or lotion.

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It can damage clothes and cause irritation on the skin, eyes or cause an allergy.

Essential-Oils

Essential Oils

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The most effective essential oils against mosquitoes are [ <a href="https://www.bioseek.eu/en/eng/research/pubmed/Plant_based_insect_repellents_a_review_of_their_efficacy_development_and_testing_21411012" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.2</a>]:

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<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">thyme oil (Thymus vulgaris),</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">geraniol,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">mint oil</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">cedar oil,</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">patchouli (Pogostemon cablin),</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">cloves (Syzygium aromaticum).</li>
</ul>

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Their activity varies between 60 and 180 minutes, since most of these essential oils are highly volatile and soon evaporate. This problem can be solved by using fixatives or careful formulation to improve durability.

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It should be considered that essential oils can irritate the skin and their repellent effect is variable depending on the formulation and concentration. The combination of essential oil and sun can lead to further irritation of the skin. Essential oils are never used directly on the skin undiluted, but always in combination with a carrier oil.

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How-To-Relieve-Itching-From-Bites

How To Relieve Itching From Bites

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Besides hydrocortisone cream from the pharmacy or calamine lotion, there are several homemade remedies that you can try to relieve unpleasant itching from bites:

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<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Put a piece of raw onions on the site of the bite;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Put freshly chopped garlic on the bite;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Rub apple cider vinegar on the affected skin;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Smear the bite with a paste of baking soda and water;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Put on a cold compress;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Place a chilled used bag of chamomile tea on the spot;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Smear the bite with thyme tea;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Smear the bite with a pre-prepared extract of St. John's wort in olive oil.</li>
</ul>

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If nothing helps, just try to focus your attention on something else and avoid scratching, because it will lead to skin damage and potential infection, as well as slower resolution of itching and discomfort.

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Nature offers several effective means to prevent attacks by mosquitoes, ticks and other bloodsuckers carrying severe diseases. However, in areas with a high prevalence of these infections, it is advisable to use chemical repellents such as DEET, which give greater certainty and long-lasting effect. This is especially true when travelling in some more exotic destinations.

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How To Get Rid Of Mosquitoes And Ticks And Stop The Itching With Natural Remedies

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 How To Get Rid Of Mosquitoes And Ticks And Stop The Itching With

Rositsa Tashkova-Kacharova

Author: Rositsa Tashkova, Master of Molecular Biology and Microbiology

Herbs-To-Avoid-If-You-Are-Pregnant

Herbs To Avoid If You Are Pregnant

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Preclinical studies have been conducted describing potential embryotoxicity for certain herbs. An extensive review conducted in 2003 [<a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/bdrb.10050" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ref.1</a>] revealed several studies that scientifically evaluated the safety of herbs, including blue cohosh, ginger, ginkgo biloba, Siberian ginseng, scutellaria (Scutellaria lateriflora), St. John's wort and valerian (Valeriana officinalis). Among them, ginkgo biloba is the only herb for which teratogenic or embryotoxic effects are not reported, that is, others can cause abnormalities in fetal development.

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Here are which herbs should be avoided during pregnancy, due to the danger of causing contractions:

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<ul>
<li>
<div class="bi6gxh9e">Yarrow (Achillea millefolium)</div>
</li>
<li>
<div class="bi6gxh9e"><a href="/p/riezienie_niepoznatata_bilka_za_plosk_koriem" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Fennel</a> (wild dill, fennel - Foeniculum vulgare)</div>
</li>
<li>
<div class="bi6gxh9e"><a href="/p/khmielt_osnovna_sstavka_na_birata_no_i_bilka_s_mnogho_liechiebni_svoistva" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Hops</a> (Humulus lupulus)</div>
</li>
</ul>